On June 23, an art space «Vzar» Viciebsk historian Nikolay Pivavar read a public lecture on "The fate of the Belarusians in the years of Stalinism". So he continued to discuss the theme of Stalinist repression, started ten days ago in the same hall of the Moscow scholar Shalamov Sergey Solovyov.
At the beginning of his lecture, Nikolay Pivavar stressed that the destiny of the Belarusians, as well as the fate of other peoples of the USSR, is firmly inscribed in the paradigm of the Stalinist terror. And if in Russia the biggest place where committed mass executions, it is believed Butovo training ground near Moscow, in Belarus it is Kurapaty and in the Viciebsk region – Hajsy, Ciopły Les and Palai.
Hundreds of thousands of Belarusians have been a martyr's path through the Gulag system, but few of them have left or artistic documentary evidence of the experience. Memoirs of Nikolay Ulashchik and Michal Plavinsky, memories Grahovski Sergei and Vladimir Dubovka, "Punishment for the service of the people" Mariana Petyukevicha, "In the claws of the OGPU" František Olehnovich, "To know ..." Larissa Heniyush – this is the short list of works and authors, which monitored the Belarusian trace in the years of Stalinism.
Under the flywheel of repression were completely local citizens of all classes from the peasant to the academician. The same has been varied and a number of those whom Mr. Pivavar chose as subjects for his experience.
Among others he mentioned the name of Nikolay Nikolay Pivavar Ulashchik known Belarusian historian who found himself four times under the press of Stalinist repression, and which was first sentenced to exile in 1931. Despite the trials endured, he could return to scientific work and make a significant contribution to the study of the Belarusian past. All the rest of his life the historian lived in Moscow. He worked at the Institute of History of the benefit of the Fatherland. All the researchers are trying to return home, but the local party from the Cerberus science was not allowed to fulfill his dream. In a nationally oriented, they researchers saw a clear ideological danger. Written Ulashchik books remain relevant for today's and future generations of Belarusians.
The life story of Ivan Vaschila from Haradok District impresses with its incredible adventure-adventure line. Swain without secondary education became a full Knight of St. George, fought a pilot, became an officer in the army of Kolchak, was promoted to lieutenant colonel, after the Civil War, went to China, led the Chinese squadron; I could become a colonel, but that it was necessary to acquire Chinese nationality, which was unacceptable for him; finally he came under Stalinist repression and went their way test.
Close to the fate of the fate of the native Vaschila seems manor Jarašoŭka, Slonim powiat poet, essayist, memoirist roll Plato, who took part in the first World War, and then the civil war. He served in the Red Army, then moved on to white. I got to the Crimea, where, after the defeat of the White movement last steamer "Don" sailed to Turkey. Returning home was a long one. After the annexation of West Belarus in the USSR fell in the lists for deportation, the war saved. After his release in 1945, he was sentenced to eight years. In 1953 he returned to his favorite Jarašoŭka. His daughter Irina Kren published a book of memories of his father's posthumous "Goodbye Jarašoŭka".
He graduated from the Nikolay Pivovar his story about fate of Belarusians in the years of Stalinist history Viciebsk resident Michael Plavinsky, local historian and researcher of antiquity. Sixteen young men he was evacuated by the Germans in the Slonim district, where went to the Belarusian-language school for three months. This period was enough for it awakened the national consciousness. He learned about Grunwald, of Olgerd and Vytautas, a great power from sea to sea. At the end of the war he was in the POA, then in a German concentration camp, from which he was liberated by the Americans. I could stay in the West, but wanted to return home. On his return he was already in the Soviet camp. Freed, he returned to Viciebsk, he worked as a carpenter on the railway, became interested in local history, had the opportunity to travel across Belarus, and than enjoyed. It was quite knowledgeable researcher, after the formation of the Belarusian Voluntary Society for Historic Preservation and Cultural Organization took an active part in its work.
Very pleased that the theme of Stalinism, which is still uncharted, not out of sight of the Viciebsk public, and it is very important that this case be attached not only to local enthusiasts, but serious scientists.
S. Horki
